Golang x/tools/internal/refactor/inline: allow conversions to be considered duplicable

A subtask of #63352.

At the moment, inliner does not consider type conversions as duplicable operations. For example, inlining a function f

func f(a int) {
    print(a, a)
}

func main() {
    var a int8 = 1
    f(int(a))
}

generates this code:

func main() {
    var a int8 = 1
    var s int = int(a)
    print(s, s)
}

Instead, inliner should consider some conversions (those that do not change semantics or involve additional allocations) to be duplicable:

func main() {
    var a int8 = 1
    print(int(s), int(s))
}

One way to implement this is by changing duplicable function to cover the type conversion cases, which are parsed as *ast.CallExpr with the Fun field being one of *ast.Ident, *ast.ArrayType, *ast.StructType, *ast.FuncType, *ast.InterfaceType, *ast.MapType, or *ast.ChanType.

As per spec, string([]byte) and []byte(string) conversions may involve additional allocations and should not be considered duplicable:

Specific rules apply to (non-constant) conversions between numeric types or to and from a string type. These conversions may change the representation of x and incur a run-time cost. All other conversions only change the type but not the representation of x.

Comment From: vladvalkov

@adonovan If I am not missing anything, I'd love to implement the change

Comment From: adonovan

I'd love to implement the change

Have at it!

I think the string-to-(rune/byte)-slice conversions are the only ones that observably allocate. Even duplicating string([]byte) won't break a program, though it may make it less efficient.

Comment From: vladvalkov

@adonovan I did some tests, and apparently, the inliner adds redundant type conversions for typed constants. For example:

Inlining this call: func _() { f(c)  }
of this callee:     func f(i int32) { print(i, i) }; const c int32 = 0
produced:

func _() { print(int32(c), int32(c)) }

Want:

func _() { print(c, c) }

It also results in (somewhat odd) results for duplicable type conversions:

Inlining this call: func _() { f(I(1))  }
of this callee:     func f(i I) { print(i, i) }; type I int
produced:

func _() { print(I(I(1)), I(I(1))) }

Want:

func _() { print(I(1), I(1)) }

Fortunately, it does not break the logic, and there is a quick fix (practically, a one-liner). Should I apply it as a part of CL for this issue or move it out into a separate issue?

Comment From: adonovan

Sure, you can include both changes in the same CL, if both have tests and are mentioned in the CL description. (I trust you are aware of the reasons the inliner is currently very conservative about adding conversions; see the package doc comments and existing tests if not.)

Comment From: gopherbot

Change https://go.dev/cl/588175 mentions this issue: internal/refactor/inline: allow duplicable type conversions